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A facial cleft is an opening or gap in the face, or a malformation of a part of the face. Facial clefts is a collective term for all sorts of clefts. All structures like bone, soft tissue, skin etc. can be affected. Facial clefts are extremely rare congenital anomalies. There are many variations of a type of clefting and classifications are needed to describe and classify all types of clefting. Facial clefts hardly ever occur isolated; most of the time there is an overlap of adjacent facial clefts.〔Moore MH ''et al.'', "rare craniofacial clefts", J of Craniofac Surg 1996;7(6):408-411 〕 ==Causes== The cause of facial clefts is still unclear. It is possible that facial clefts are caused by a disorder in the migration of neural crest cells.〔Hunt JA, "Common Craniofacial Anomalies: Facial Clefts and Encephaloceles", Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;112(2):606-615, 〕 Another theory is that facial clefts are caused by failure of the fusion process and failure of inwards growth of the mesoderm. Other theories are that genetics play a part in the development of facial clefts〔Fogh-Andersen P, "Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors in the Etiology of Facial Clefts", Scand J of Plast Reconstr Surg 1981;1(1):22-29 〕 or that they are caused by amniotic bands.〔Mayou BJ, "Oblique Facial Clefts Caused by Amniotic Bands", Plast Reconstr Surg 1981;68(5):675-681 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Facial cleft」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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